Innovations in Sustainable Agriculture: Integrating Traditional Knowledge and Modern Science for Environmental Resilience is a pivotal resource that meticulously documents and analyzes various facets of sustainable farming, rooted in a profound commitment to the well-being of tribal communities and ecological preservation. This comprehensive book explores the crucial nexus between indigenous practices and modern scientific advancements, particularly through the vital role of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in sustaining local livelihoods and ensuring ecological balance amidst agrarian transformations. The compiled work, authored by a collective of researchers and academicians, delves into a broad spectrum of topics essential for achieving resilient agricultural systems. Key research areas include empirical studies on how the application of vermicompost positively affects soil health and paddy yield , the crucial necessity of quality assurance in organic farming , and the review of the detrimental impact of air pollutants on crops. Furthermore, the book covers specialized subjects like advancements in walnut breeding and the imperative for genetic resource management in temperate nut crops , the significance of phytochemicals in plant defense , and the conservation of insect biodiversity. Chapters also address sustainable strategies for natural resource management , the assessment and restoration of soil health deterioration , and modern approaches to pest management. This publication serves as an indispensable resource for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers, aiming to inspire impactful action toward an inclusive and environmentally sustainable agricultural future.