Sterilization, a medical procedure aimed at making an individual incapable of reproduction, play a crucial role in both medical and non -doctors contexts. Defined as a permanent form of contraception, sterilization can be achieved through several methods, each accompanied by different implications for individuals and society in general. Its relevance covers reproductive health, family planning and public health initiatives aimed at controlling population growth. The importance of sterilization in medical care is underlined by its ability to prevent unwanted pregnancies, thus reducing maternal and child mortality and mortality, while offering people autonomy to make informed decisions regarding their future reproductive.